Cost Projections for Utility-Scale Battery Storage: 2023 Update
This work was authored by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE
This work was authored by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE
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Additional storage technologies will be added as representative cost and performance metrics are verified. The interactive figure below presents results on the total installed ESS cost ranges by
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In 2025, the typical cost of commercial lithium battery energy storage systems, including the battery, battery management system
On average, smaller units designed for residential use may start at around $5,000, while more extensive systems for commercial
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In total, the cost of a 2MW battery storage system can range from approximately $1 million to $1.5 million or more, depending on the factors mentioned above. It is important to note that these are only rough estimates, and the actual cost can vary depending on the specific requirements and characteristics of each project.
In 2025, the typical cost of commercial lithium battery energy storage systems, including the battery, battery management system (BMS), inverter (PCS), and installation, ranges from $280 to $580 per kWh. Larger systems (100 kWh or more) can cost between $180 to $300 per kWh. How does battery chemistry affect the cost of energy storage systems?
The 2MWh energy storage system consists of 12 energy storage units. A single energy storage unit is made up of 1 lithium battery cluster. Each battery cluster is comprised of 19 battery boxes and 1 high-voltage box. A single battery box is composed of 1 in parallel and 228 battery cells in series.
In 2025, the typical cost of a commercial lithium battery energy storage system, which includes the battery, battery management system (BMS), inverter (PCS), and installation, is in the following range: $280 - $580 per kWh (installed cost), though of course this will vary from region to region depending on economic levels.